6. Climate is the long-term average of a region’s weather and depends on

many factors. As a basis for understanding this concept:

a. Students know weather (in the short run) and climate (in the long run)

involve the transfer of energy into and out of the atmosphere.

b. Students know the effects on climate of latitude, elevation, topography, and

proximity to large bodies of water and cold or warm ocean currents.

c. Students know how Earth’s climate has changed over time, corresponding to

changes in Earth’s geography, atmospheric composition, and other factors,

such as solar radiation and plate movement.